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Does anyone know any names of Soviet/Russian vehicles? I know for instance that the initial model of T-72 is called “Ural” and that the latest model of T-90 is called “Vladimir” (after the chief designer), but have not come across any other names.

Generally speaking Russian military equipment is very rarely given names. Many end up getting nicknames (and in a few cases the NATO reporting name has become common even in Russia) but designers don't tend to name their equipment except in odd instances. Unless a name is 'most often associated' with something, usually because it has spread from informal use in the Russian military (in which case it'll usually be listed) most likely doesn't have even that. Certainly I can't think of any other names for armoured vehicles offhand.
Edited by CommanderJB, 20 December 2008 - 01:57.

Mig-31 "Supersonic Box" (maybe it was MiG-23) - nick used by technicians,
Mi-24 "Cigar" - nick used by technicians.
MiG-56 Nyevidyimiy - invisible device powered by small nuclear reactor, but still I would rather believe on Tu-2000 and Aurora (Tu-2000 cancelled, Aurora never existed). It should be possible to create, nuclear reactor with size of decimeters exist, soviets have been experimenting in 1950's with nuclear powered plane (using steam), but still...

MiG-8 Utka - Utka means Duck - civil plane of duck conctruction (wing is in the back, height-wing is in the front), superb safe ultralight from the 1940's which remained as 1 prototype used for company purposes (state company, because it was in the USSR).

French AMX tank series are based on tonnage->AMX-13=weighs 13 tons.

They were a bit out with the AMX-30...

But generally, it's somewhere around the model number. Perhaps it refers to the approximate unloaded weight of original versions?

Probably. It certainly wouldn't be the only weapon to have suffered from unintended weight-gain during development!

What also interests me, is what does , for example, Mk19 Mod 0 means? I know that Mk 19 is Mark 19, but WTH is Mod 0?

Normal version I think. "Mod 0" means "unmodified" I think.

AK stands for Avtomat Kalashnikov. Mikhail Kalashnikov created the AK-47, in the year 1947. 1947 being the patent year. Some (usually asian countries) use T in their military designations that stands for Type. For example, the Chinese T-90 tank, stands for Type 90. The Japanese T-89 Type 89 assault rifle, the Chinese T-56, Type 56 assault rifle. M in american weapons usually stands for Model. MP, G, K, and C are originally german. MP-5, MachinePistol-5 literally meaning fully automatic pistol number 5. G3, German model 3. G36- German model 36. K is usually at the end, coming from Kurz meaning short, for example a shorter version of the G36 is the G36K, shorter MP5 (folding stock I think) is designated MP5K. C is used for many things, but originated in germany. C means carbine version, for example G36C literally meaning German model 36 carbine version. This pretty much covers rifles for anyone who is interested.
Edited by ultimentra, 10 March 2009 - 20:53.

ultimentra, on 11 Mar 2009, 7:17, said:

Not 'Gewehr'?

The G does indeed stand for 'Gewehr' which means rifle.
MP = Maschinenpistole = literally 'machine pistol' = SMG
(L/S)MG = (Leichtes/Schweres) Maschinengewehr = (light/heavy) machine gun
P = Pistole = pistole

WW2 acronyms:
STG = Sturmgewehr = literally 'storm/assault rifle'
FG = Fallschirmjägergewehr = paratrooper rifle

Also, the C in G36C means 'Compact'; the German word is actually 'kompakt' but K is already used for 'kurz' (=short)
Edited by Rayburn, 12 March 2009 - 11:50.

Oh my bad with the G part, I learn something new everyday, thanks guys!